Method of producing a conical pail and machine for carrying out the method



Nov. 28, 1967 F. JACOBSEN 3,354,630

METHOD OF PRODUCING A CONICAL PAIL AND MACHINE FOR CARRYING OUT THE METHOD 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Nov. 5, 1964 INVENTOR Fmu JAcoesEn Nov. 28, 1967 F. JACOBSEN 3,354,680

METHOD OF PRODUCING A CONICAL FAIL AND MACHINE FOR CARRYING OUT THE METHOD Filed Nov. 5, 1964 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR Fmu JncoBsEN ATTORNEYS United States Patent G 3,354,680 METI-IUD F PRODUCING A CONICAL PAIL AND h iACHINE FOR CARRYING OUT THE METHOD Finn .lacobsen, Lirnhamn, Sweden, assignor to AB Platmanufaktur, Malmo, Sweden Filed Nov. 5, 1964, Ser. No. 409,204 22 Claims. (Cl. 72126) ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE This disclosure relates to pail tapering and fianging tools wherein an upper supporting member is moved telescopically into a generally right circular cylindrical pail carried by a lower supporting member, the upper supporting member having tapering members mounted at at least one end thereof for transmitting tapering forces to the pail. The tapering members may be fixed, or may be rollers, and may be mounted at both ends thereof. Additionally, the tapering members may be mounted for radial movement at one end thereof, for progressive tapering. Flanging wheels are provided for curling an upper portion of the pail, and a beading tool is also provided, associated with the lower support.

The present invention relates to a method of producing a novel conical pail and to machine structures for carrying out the method.

There has long been a desire to produce conical pails rapidly and inexpensively. Pails conical in form are very desirable because a supplier can deliver such pails to consumers in stacked relation, or in other words in nested relation. In this way, the space or volume required in the transporting of the pails to the consumers is greatly reduced.

The conical pails which have hitherto been manufactured have, as a rule, been produced in such a way that body blanks having arced upper edges and arced lower edges and with straight converging side edges have been stamped out of a plate. When side edges are joined to each other in forming a side seam, a tapered body is obtained, to which a bottom is thereafter seamed. This procedure can result in provision of very good pails, but the cost of thus producing the tapered bodies is unnecessarily high, due to the fact that special stamping tools must be used for stamping out the bodies and, moreover, stamping with said tools causes waste of material.

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a novel method the practicing of which will bring about a considerable cheapening in the production of the tapered bodies. According to the invention, this is achieved by using a plurality of rectangular body blanks, which may be fabricated to provide one or more cylindrical tubes. Each such tube is thereafter inserted in a machine so that the tube, through the machine, can be expanded or reshaped to become conical, or rather frusto-conical in form. Before or after said expansion, the tube is provided with the usual bottom, through seaming or other means of attachment.

According to the invention, the expansion of the tube can take place in such a way that the bottom end of the tube is secured in a suitable member in said machine, and said machine has a forming tool which is inserted in the tube, provision being made for bringing about relative rotation between the tool and the tube.

According to a special design of said tool, the forming or shaping means can consist of a number of cylindrical members, arranged in a ring, and which can be fixed or movable in the tool, the axes of said members converging toward a common point.

According to a further design of the invention, the tool can be provided with members which cause the upper edge of the tube to be rolled over or curled.

Another object of the invention is to provide a novel method and apparatus for forming pail bodies of the character stated wherein the shaping members, when fixed are arranged on a carrier with their axes converging toward a common point, the carrier and members being progressively movable into the pail blank while relative rotary movement is being brought about between the blank and said carrier and member assemblies.

Another object of the invention is to provide a method and apparatus of the character stated wherein the forming or shaping members when movable in the tool comprise a plurality of rotary members generally cylindrical in form and having fixed bearings at the ends thereof disposed initially to enter the pail during a tapering action, and movable bearings at their other or outer ends which can be progressively spread apart during the progression of the tapering operation.

Yet another object of the invention is to provide a method and apparatus of the character stated wherein internal or external beading may be provided in the pail during the bringing about of the relative rotary movement of the tool or apparatus and the pail.

Still another object of the invention is to provide a novel pail structure formed by practicing of the above mentioned methods and by use of the mentioned apparatus.

With the above and other objects in view that will hereinafter appear, the nature of the invention will be more clearly understood by a reference to the following detailed description, the appended claims and the several views illustrated in the accompanying drawings.

In the drawings:

FIGURE 1 is a central vertical sectional view, partly in elevation, showing a tool including rotary shaping members in the process of progressively tapering a pail.

FIGURE 2 is a sectional perspective view illustrating another form of tapering tool or apparatus wherein provision is made for moving the trailing ends of the rotary shaping members outwardly and inwardly relative to the leading ends of said members.

FIGURE 3 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional view illustrating one of the movable bearings of the tool of FIGURE 2 and the means for bringing about the move ment of said bearing.

FIGURE 4 is a central vertical sectional view, partly in elevation, showing the tool of FIGURES 2 and 3 inserted in a pail preparatory to the outswinging of the upper ends of the rotary shaping members and tapering of the pail.

FIGURE 5 is a perspective view illustrating another form of the forming or shaping tool wherein the circumferentially spaced tapering members are cylindriform in shape and fixedly suspended from the rotary carrier with their axes converging downward toward a common point.

FIGURE 6 is a side elevation illustrating a pail beading apparatus including beading rolls engageable with a pail for circumferentially beading the same.

In FIGURE 1, a cylindrical tube 1 is shown, at the lower end of which a bottom 2 has been secured, as by seaming or in any approved manner. The bottomed pail blank or tube is secured on a carrier or holding member 3 by any approved means (not shown), and said carrier can be either fixed or arranged for rotation about its vertical axis. Around the same vertical axis, a rotatable shaft 4 is arranged, and this shaft is provided with two circular disks 5 and 6. There is a spacing member 7 between the disks, and the disks carry between them a number of rotatably supported rollers 8, which rollers are arranged with their axes in a circular ring set at an angle or converging slightly toward the common axis of the shaft 4 and spacer .7 in such a way that the taper desired for a pressed out pail is obtained. Around the edge of the upper disk 5 a number of wheels 9 are arranged. The wheels have the shaping profile shown in the drawings, and when forced downward against the upper edge of the tube I, serve to roll over or curl said edge.

The tool or apparatus thus described functions in the following way. A cylindrical tube 1 with its bottom 2 1S fastened in the holding member 3. In this example description it is assumed that the holding member 3 does not rotate around its axis. In this situation, the forming tool parts 8 and 9 are inserted vertically downward through the upper opening of the tube 1 while the tool rotates around the axis of its shaft 4. During the insertion, the body of the tube 1 will successively be expanded so that, when the tool has been inserted completely, the taper desired of the tube 1 will be obtained, and during the last part of the insertion, the upper edge of the tube will be bent over or curled by engagement therewith of the wheels 9.

In FIGURES 2-4 a tool is shown which differs from the tool of FIGURE 1 in that the rollers 8 are supported in such a way at their upper ends that the bearing parts can be displaced radially. Through this displacement, the rollers can be made to assume two different end positions, one a retracted position in which the tool can be readily inserted in a tube or pail blank without changing the form of the tube. In this case or position, in rotation of the tool the forming parts 8 describe a surface of rotation which is cylindrical in character. See FIGURE 4. In the other case or position, the rollers 8, when moved out at their upper ends as indicated by the arrows in FIGURE 4, assume such a position that they achieve the tapering desired.

In FIGURE 2, the rollers 8 and the mountings therefor are clearly shown. The bottom plate 6' supports the lower ends of the rollers 8' 0n fixed pivots. The spacing member 7 is shown, as is the driver shaft 4. The shaft 4 is hollow and in its cavity is mounted an axially movable rod 10 which has a tapered end 11. The upper ends of the rollers 8 are supported in bearing parts 12 which are radially movable in radial recesses in the upper disk 5 of the tool. In order to prevent the bearing parts from leaving the grooves radially, the disk 5' is provided with two peripheral retainer or spring bands 13 and 14, each including spring hump portions S engaged with the respective bearing blocks 12. Each bearing block 12 is moreover provided with two strips or keys 15 and 16, extending in a radial direction and which coact with grooves 17 and 18 in the disk 5', thereby to prevent the bearing parts 12 from moving axially. There are radially movable cylindrical thrust members 19 reciprocable in radial holes provided in the disk 5 as clearly shown in FIGURES 2 and 4. Each member 19 coacts at one of its ends with the tapered surface 11 on the rod 1t) and at its other end with the respective bearing part 12. The bearing parts 12 are kept pressed against the cylindrical members 19 with the aid of the bands 13 and 14. In FIGURE 3, the coaction between the rod 10 with the tapered surface 11, the cylindrical members 19 and the bearing parts 12 is clearly shown.

The tool of FIGURES 2 and 4 last described functions in the following way. A tube 1' with a bottom 2' is secured in a holding member 3'. In the present case, it is assumed that the holding member 3 is not rotatable around its axis. In this condition, the tool with the cylindrical rollers is inserted in the tube 1 as shown in FIG- URE 4. When the tool has thus been inserted completely, it is caused to rotate, while at the same time the rod 10 is moved downward. Owing to the fact that the rod 10 has a tapered surface at its lower end, the cylindrical members 19 will be moved outward radially, causing the bearing parts 12 also to be moved outward in a radial direction, so that the rollers 8 wil e o d to a sume the inclination desired, and the tube 1' will thus be given the taper desired. Also this tool can be provided with the same kind of wheels 9 as shown in FIGURE 1 if desired.

In the last-mentioned design of the tool it has been shown that only the upper bearing parts for the rollers are to be movable radially. However, it should be apparent that the bearing parts for the lower ends of the rollers 8 may also be arranged in such a way that they also are movable radially, if desired. It will also be apparent that rotation could be imparted to the holder 3', as indicated by the applied arrow, while the inserted tool other than the rod 10 is held stationary, should this be desired.

In FIGURE 5, a third design of a forming tool is shown. This tool has a shaft 4" and a disk 5". However, there is no lower disk 6 and spacing member '7 in this form. Instead of rollers 8, the disk 5 is provided with a number of cylindrical members 8", which are secured in such a way that if a surface is laid through the longitudinal axes of said members, a taper will be formed, which has the same cone angle as a formed pail is to have. The previously mentioned wheels, by means of which the upper edge of the tube is to be rolled over, are arranged at 9" on the disk 5.

The tool last described functions in the following way. A cylindrical tube 1 with a bottom 2 is secured in the same way as previously mentioned in a holding member 3, which is not rotatable, all as shown in FIGURE 1. This tool, while rotating around its axis, is inserted in the tube thus secured, and during the progressive insertion tie tube will be given the taper desired. During the last part of the insertion, the upper edge of the tube will be rolled over by means of the wheel 9", as previously described.

It is preferred that the body plates from which the pail bodies are formed are made of the usual metallic materials, and have thicknesses of between 0.2 and 0.5 mm.

In FIGURE 6, a tool 4", S is shown inserted in a tube 1". The tool is caused to rotate, in any approved manner, not shown, While the tube is secured by means of any approved holder members also not hown. At the lower end of the tube, a tool for the forming of inward beads is arranged, which tool consists of two forming members 20 and 21, each arranged on an arm 22 and 23, respectively. Said two arms are fastened each on a doublearmed lever 24 and 25, which are rotatably supported pivotally at 26 and 27. By imparting movement such as is indicated by the two arrows in FIGURE 6, to the levers 24 and 25, as by imparting a downward thrust at 28, and by causing the levers to rotate around the axis of the shaft 4", the members 20-21 will produce an inward bead. It should be obvious that multiple sets of forming members 20-21 can be arranged, so that the number of inward beads desired can be obtained.

In case outward beads should be desired, it will be necessary to provide the rollers 8 or 8' of the tools of FIGURES 1, 2 and 4 with the number of external peripheral welts or protuberance corresponding to the outward beads desired and to have outer forming members comparable to the members 20 and 21 of FIGURE 6 but made in such way that they coact with said welts.

While preferred method steps and part arrangements have been described in detail herein, it is to be understood that variations in said steps and part arrangements may be made Without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

I claim:

1 A tool for changing a pail body blank of generally cyllndrical shape into a tapering body form, said tool comprising a supporting means having thereon a plurality of generally cylindriform shaping members arranged in a circle and presentable in a pail body blank with their axes converging toward a common point thereby to present shaping surfaces disposed to describe a frusto-coni form surface of rotation upon the imparting of rotation to the supporting means, means located at at least one end of each of said members mounting said members on saidsupporting means for transmission of shaping forces to said members solely through said mounting means whereby upon insertion of the tool into a generally cylindrical pail body blank and the bringing about of relative rotary movement between the blank and the tool the blank shape will be changed to frusto-conical.

2. A tool structure for changing a pail body blank of generally cylindrical shape into a tapering body form, said tool comprising a supporting means having thereon a plurality of generally cylindriform shaping members arranged in a circle and presentable in a pail body blank with their axes converging toward a common point thereby to present shaping surfaces disposed to describe a frusto-conical surface of rotation upon the imparting of rotation to the supporting means, whereby upon insertion of the tool into a generally cylindrical pail body blank and the bringing about of relative rotary movement between the blank and the tool the blank shape will be changed to frusto-conical, wherein the supporting means also carries edge curling means engageable with top edge portions of a blank to form a curl on said edge portion during the relative rotation of the tool and blank and in conjunction with the reshaping of the blank.

3. A tool structure as defined in claim 1 wherein the shaping members comprise rotatably mounted rollers.

4. A tool structure as defined in claim 1 wherein the shaping members comprise rigidly mounted free ended ins.

p 5. A tool structure as defined in claim 1 wherein the supporting means also carries edge curling means engageable with top edge portions of a blank to form a curl on said edge portion during the relative rotation of the tool and blank and in conjunction with the reshaping of the blank and wherein the shaping members comprise rotatably mounted rollers.

6. A tool structure as defined in claim 1 wherein the supporting means also carries edge curling means engageable with top edge portions of a blank to form a curl on said edge portion during the relative rotation of the tool and blank and in conjunction with the reshaping of the blank and wherein the shaping members comprise rigidly mounted free ended pins.

'7. A tool structure as defined in claim 1 wherein the supporting means also carries rotatably mounted edge curling disks engageable with top edge portions of a blank to form a curl on said edge portion during the relative rotation of the tool and blank and in conjunction with the reshaping of the blank.

8. A tool for changing a pail body blank of generally cylindrical shape into a tapering body form, said tool comprising a rotor, spaced disks traversing the axis of the rotor and movable therewith, and a plurality of rollers rotatably mounted at both ends and placed in a circle between said disks so that the outer portions thereof describe a frusto-coniform surface of rotation upon rotation of said rotor, wherein means are included for changing the position of the roller axes so that they progressively change from a parallel relation to positions in which the outer portions of the rollers describe a frusto-coniform surface of rotation upon rotation of said rotor.

9. A tool for changing a pail body blank of generally cylindrical shape into a tapering body form, said tool comprising a rotor, spaced disks traversing the axis of the rotor and movable therewith, and a plurality of rollers rotatably mounted at both ends and placed in a circle between said disks so that the outer portions thereof describe a frusto-coniform surface of rotation upon rot-ation of said rotor, wherein means are included for changing the position of the roller axes so that they progressively change from a parallel relation to positions in which the outer portions of the rollers describe a frustoconiform surface of rotation upon rotation of said rotor, said last named means including radially shiftable bearings for the rollers at at least one end thereof, spring means for moving the shiftable bearings inwardly, and

an axially movable camming means for moving said shift able bearings outwardly.

10. A tool for changing a pail body blank of generally cylindrical shape into a tapering body form, said too comprising a rotor, spaced disks traversing the axis 0: the rotor and movabie therewith, and a plurality of roller: rotatably mounted at both ends and placed in a circle between said disks so that the outer portions thereoi describe a trusto-coniform surface of rotation upon rota tion of said rotor, wherein means are included for chang ing the position of the roller axes so that they progressively change from a parallel relation to positions ir which the outer portions of the rollers describe a frustoconiform surface of rotation upon rotation of said rotor said last named means including radially shiftable bearings for the rollers at at least one end thereof, spring means for moving the shiftable bearings inwardly, ant an axially movable carnming means for moving said shift able bearings outwardly, each said shiftable bearing hav ing key means thereon slidable in key-way means in the disk on which it is mounted, and said position changing means comprising spring ring means surrounding the bear ings in the disk on which they are mounted and holding them in place, and an axially shiftable taper-cam anc radial actuator plungers engaged with said taper-cam anc the bearings surrounded by the spring ring means.

11. A tool for changing a pail body blank of generally cylindrical shape into a tapering body form, said too. comprising a rotor, spaced disks traversing the axis 0: the rotor and movable therewith, and a plurality of roller: rotatably mounted at both ends and placed in a circle between said disks so that the outer portions thereo: describe a frusto-coniform surface of rotation upon rota tion of said rotor, wherein means are included for chang ing the position of the roller axes so that they progres sively change from a parallel relation to positions in whicl the outer portions of the rollers describe a frusto-coniform surface of rotation upon rotation of said rotor said last named means including r-adiaily shiftable bear ings for the rollers at at least one end thereof, spring means for moving the shiftable bearings inwardly, ant an axially movable camming means for moving said shift able bearings outwardly, each said shiftable bearing having key means thereon slidable in key-way means in thr disk on which it is mounted, and said position changing means comprising spring ring means surrounding the bearings in the disk on which they are mounted anc holding them in place, and an axialiy shiftable taper cam and radial actuator plungers engaged with said tapercam and the bearings surrounded by the spring ring means, said spring ring means including an inwardly bower spring protuberance at the location of and engaging eaci of the bearings. 12. In apparatus of the character described for reshaping a generally cylindrical pail body, a tool with whicl the pail body is adapted to be brought into telescoper relation, and means on the tool for engaging in to ling contact with the body and efi ective during a bringing about of relative rotary movement between the tool an: said body to form beading in said body.

13. Apparatus as defined in claim 12 wherein the re shaping beading means comprises at least two arms opposing and swingably mounted and carrying beading rollers engageable externally with the body, and meant for swinging said arms to engage said rollers in beading contact with a pail body.

14. The herein described method of forming a taperec pail including the steps of providing a cylindrical body formed of a plurality of rectangular metal sheets, sup porting the body at a lower closed end thereof by a lowei supporting member, providing roller means mounted or an upper supporting member, moving the upper support ing member telescopically into the body relative to the lower supporting member, and engaging the body internally by the roller means in the form of a circle oi 71 'ollers presented to form a frusto-conical surface of rotaion, thereby to change the shape of the body from cylinlrical to frusto-conical.

15. The method defined in claim 14, wherein the pres- :ntation of the roller means is progressive along the axis )f the body.

16. The herein described method of forming a tapered pail including the steps of providing a cylindrical body formed of a plurality of rectangular metal sheets, and :ngaging the body internally by roller means in the form )f a circle of rollers presented to form a frusto-conical iurface of rotation, thereby to change the shape of the Jody from cylindrical to frusto-conical, wherein the presentation of the roller means is by way of gradual )utward tilting of the axes of the rollers from a generally parallel axis arrangement within the body to an arrangenent in which said axes are relatively shifted to be in- :luded in said frusto-coniform surface of rotation wherepy engagement of the rollers in and with the body during 1 bringing about of relative rotary movement between ;he body and the circle of rollers changes the shape of he body from cylindrical to frusto-conical.

17. The herein described method of forming a tapered pail including the steps of providing a cylindrical body formed of a plurality of rectangular metal sheets, and :ngaging the body internally by roller means in the form pf a circle of rollers presented to form a frusto-conical ;urface of rotation, thereby to change the shape of the Jody from cylindrical to frusto-conical, wherein the presentation of the roller means is progressive along the axis of the body, and wherein coincidentally with the :ompletion of the changing of the body shape to frusto- :onical, edge curling rollers are presented against the open nouth defining edge of the body to outwardly curl the tame.

18. The herein described method of forming a tapered pail including the steps of providing a cylindrical body formed of a plurality of rectangular metal sheets supporting the body at a lower closed end thereof by a lower ;upporting member, providing a circle of rigidly posi- .ioned free-ended pins mounted on an upper supporting nember, moving the upper supporting member telescopcally into the body relative to the lower supporting memper, and engaging the body internally by the circle of igidly positioned free ended pins presented to form a frusto-conical surface of rotation, thereby to change the shape of the body from cylindrical to frusto-conical.

19. The herein described method of forming a tapered pail including the steps of providing a cylindrical body formed of a plurality of rectangular metal sheets, and engaging the body internally by a circle of rigidly positioned free ended pins presented to form a frusto-conical surface of rotation, thereby to change the shape of the body from cylindrical to frusto-conical, and wherein coincidentally with the completion of the changing of the body shape to frusto-conical, edge curling rollers are presented against the open mouth defining edge of the body to outwardly curl the same.

20. The tool structure as defined in claim 1, wherein said mounting means at the ends of said members alone connect said members to said supporting means.

21. The tool structure as defined in claim 20, wherein said mounting means are provided at both ends of said members.

22. A first tool as set forth in claim 1, in combination with and positioned for vertical movement relative to a second tool, with the pail body therebetween, and means on the second tool for engaging in rolling contact with the body and effective during a bringing about of relative rotary movement between the tool and said body to form beading in said body.

References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 693,017 2/1902 Hodgson 72117 1,556,387 10/1925 Williams 72126 2,215,789 9/1940 Harrison 72126 2,526,025 10/1950 Hoeppe 72119 2,861,623 11/1958 Franck 72-124 3,011,539 12/1961 Henrickson 72-117 3,188,850 6/1965 Linthicum et a1. 72393 FOREIGN PATENTS 23,048 7/1883 Germany. 661,456 11/1951 Great Britain.

CHARLES W. LANHAM, Primary Examiner. A. RUDERMAN, Assistant Examiner. 

1. A TOOL FOR CHANGING A PAIL BODY BLANK OF GENERALLY CYLINDRICAL SHAPE INTO A TAPERING BODY FORM, SAID TOOL COMPRISING A SUPPORTING MEANS HAVING THEREON A PLURALITY OF GENERALLY CYLINDRIFORM SHAPING MEMBERS ARRANGED IN A CIRCLE AND PRESENTABLE IN A PAIL BODY BLANK WITH THEIR AXES COVERGING TOWARD A COMMON POINT THEREBY TO PRESENT SHAPING SURFACES DISPOSED TO DESCRIBE A FRUSTO-CONIFORM SURFACE OF ROTATION UPON THE IMPARTING OF ROTATION TO THE SUPPORTING MEANS, MEANS LOCATED AT AT LEAST ONE END OF EACH OF SAID MEMBERS MOUNTING SAID MEMBERS ON SAID SUPPORTING MEANS FOR TRANSMISSION OF SHAPING FORCES TO SAID MEMBERS SOLELY THROUGH SAID MOUNTING MEANS WHEREBY UPON INSERTION OF THE TOOL IN TO A GENERALLY CYLINDRICAL PAIL BODY BLANK AND THE BRINGING ABOUT OF RELATIVE ROTARY MOVEMENT BETWEEN THE BLANK AND THE TOOL THE BLANK SHAPE WILL BE CHANGED TO FRUSTO-CONICAL. 